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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">izvestswsu</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия Юго-Западного государственного университета</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Proceedings of the Southwest State University</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2223-1560</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2686-6757</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ЮЗГУ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21869/2223-1560-2025-29-1-8-26</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">izvestswsu-1409</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Машиностроение и машиноведение</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Mechanical engineering and machine science</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Метод для определения наклона столба линии связи на основе изображений с БпЛА</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Method for determining the inclination of a communication line pole based on UAV images</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0001-8149-5804</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Заикин</surname><given-names>М. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zaikin</surname><given-names>M. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Заикин Михаил Игоревич - ведущий программист лаборатории автономных робототехнических систем.</p><p>14-я линия В.О., д. 39, Санкт-Петербург 199178</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mikhail I. Zaikin - Lead Programmer of the Autonomous Robotic Systems Laboratory.</p><p>39, 14th Line, St. Petersburg 199178</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zmaik@live.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9121-894X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Астапова</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Astapova</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Астапова Марина Алексеевна - младший научный сотрудник лаборатории технологий больших данных социокиберфизических систем.</p><p>14-я линия В.О., д. 39, Санкт-Петербург 199178</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Marina A. Astapova - Junior Researcher of Laboratory of Big Data Technologies in Socio-Cyberphysical Systems.</p><p>39, 14th Line, St. Petersburg 199178</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">astapova.m@iias.spb.su</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-5030-677X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Волков</surname><given-names>Д. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Volkov</surname><given-names>D. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Волков Данила Михайлович - младший научный сотрудник лаборатории автономных робототехнических систем.</p><p>14-я линия В.О., д. 39, Санкт-Петербург 199178</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Danila M. Volkov - Junior Researcher, Laboratory of Autonomous Robotic Systems (SPC RAS), St. Petersburg Institute for Informatics and Automation of the Russian Academy of Sciences.</p><p>39, 14th Line, St. Petersburg 199178</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">volkov.d@iias.spb.su</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Санкт-Петербургский Федеральный исследовательский центр Российской академии наук (СПБ ФИЦ РАН)</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>St. Petersburg Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences (SPC RAS)</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>11</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>29</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>8</fpage><lpage>26</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Заикин М.И., Астапова М.А., Волков Д.М., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Заикин М.И., Астапова М.А., Волков Д.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zaikin M.I., Astapova M.A., Volkov D.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://izvestswsu.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1409">https://izvestswsu.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1409</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования. Воздушные линии связи (ВЛС) являются важным элементом коммуникационной инфраструктуры, однако их техническое состояние требует регулярного контроля и осмотра. Традиционные методы осмотра, включающие визуальную проверку специалистами, не всегда позволяют эффективно собирать и фиксировать все необходимые данные. С целью улучшения качества осмотра ВЛС был разработан метод для определения наклона столба линии связи на основе изображений с беспилотного летательного аппарата (БпЛА).</p></sec><sec><title>Методы</title><p>Методы. Для решения задачи использовалась комбинация математических преобразований и методов машинного обучения. Обработка данных включала использование параметров камеры, координат объекта на изображении, высоты полета и координат БпЛА. На основе этих данных разрабатывался алгоритм детекции ключевых точек опоры и расчета угла наклона столбов.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. В результате проведенных экспериментов на основе данных, полученных с БпЛА, была достигнута точность детектирования ключевых точек опоры по метрике mAP50 равна 0,71. В пределах корректно предсказанной опоры точность детекции ее вершины и основания составила 0,88 по метрике F1-score. Для определения наклона столбов ВЛС была выведена формула, которая позволила рассчитать максимальный наклон столба – 24,5°, а минимальный – 0,6°. Средний угол наклона опор для всего набора изображений составил примерно 6,1°.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Разработанный метод позволяет автоматизировать процесс технического осмотра ВЛС, обеспечивая высокую точность определения их ключевых параметров. Применение БпЛА и машинного обучения снижают временные и финансовые затраты, а также улучшает качество сбора и анализа данных. Использование БпЛА в сочетании с методами машинного обучения позволяет значительно сократить временные и финансовые затраты, повышают качество сбора и анализа данных и снижают риск ошибок, связанных с человеческим фактором.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Purpose of research</title><p>Purpose of research. Overhead communication lines (OCL) are an important element of the communication infrastructure, but their technical condition requires regular monitoring and inspection. Traditional inspection methods, including visual inspection by specialists, do not always allow for the efficient collection and recording of all necessary data. In order to improve the quality of OCL inspection, a method was developed for determining the tilt of a communication line pole based on images from an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV).</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Methods. A combination of mathematical transformations and machine learning methods was used to solve the problem. Data processing included the use of camera parameters, object coordinates in the image, flight altitude, and UAV coordinates. Based on these data, an algorithm was developed for detecting key support points and calculating the tilt angle of the poles.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. As a result of the experiments conducted based on the data obtained from the UAV, the accuracy of detecting key support points according to the mAP50 metric was 0.71. Within the correctly predicted support, the accuracy of detecting its top and base was 0.88 according to the F1-score metric. To determine the tilt of the VLS pillars, a formula was derived that made it possible to calculate the maximum tilt of the pillar is 24.5°, and the minimum is 0.6°. The average tilt angle of the pillars for the entire set of images is approximately 6.1°.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The developed method allows automating the technical inspection of VLS, ensuring high accuracy in determining their key parameters. The use of UAVs and machine learning reduces time and cost, and improves the quality of data collection and analysis. The use of UAVs in combination with machine learning methods can significantly reduce time and cost, improve the quality of data collection and analysis, and reduce the risk of human error.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>воздушные линии связи</kwd><kwd>глубокое обучение</kwd><kwd>беспилотная воздушная система</kwd><kwd>детекция объектов на изображении</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>overhead communication lines</kwd><kwd>deep learning</kwd><kwd>unmanned aerial vehicle</kwd><kwd>image object detection</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Астапова М.А., Уздяев М.Ю. Детектирование дефектов неисправных элементов линий электропередач при помощи нейронных сетей семейства YOLO // Моделирование, оптимизация и информационные технологии. 2021; 9(4): 35.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Astapova M.A., Uzdaev M.Yu. 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