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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">izvestswsu</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия Юго-Западного государственного университета</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Proceedings of the Southwest State University</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2223-1560</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2686-6757</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ЮЗГУ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21869/2223-1560-2023-27-3-8-20</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">izvestswsu-1179</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Машиностроение и машиноведение</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Mechanical engineering and machine science</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Анализ и сравнение алгоритмов обхода препятствий мобильными роботами</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Analysis and Comparison of Obstacle Avoidance Algorithms for Mobile Robots</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гутьеррес Сукильо</surname><given-names>Нельсон Рамиро</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gutierrez Suquillo</surname><given-names>Nelson Ramiro</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Нельсон Рамиро Гутьеррес Сукильо, доцент,</p><p>Кампус Румипамба, Кито 170147.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nelson Ramiro Gutierrez Suquillo, Associate Professor, </p><p>Rumipamba, Quito 170147.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nelson.gutierrez@ute.edu.ec</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Паредес</surname><given-names>Рауль</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Paredes</surname><given-names>Raul</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Рауль Паредес, доцент,</p><p>Кампус Румипамба, Кито 170147.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Raul Paredes, Associate Professor, Universidad UTE,</p><p>Rumipamba, Quito 170147.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">raulv.paredes@ute.edu.ec</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Безмен</surname><given-names>П. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bezmen</surname><given-names>P. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Безмен Петр Анатольевич, кандидат технических наук, доцент,</p><p>ул. 50 лет Октября, д. 94, г. Курск 305040.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Petr A. Bezmen, Cand. of Sci.(Engineering), Associate Professor, </p><p>50 Let Oktyabrya str. 94, Kursk 305040.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">pbezmen@yahoo.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Университет UTE</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Universidad UTE</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Юго-Западный государственный университет</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Southwest State University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>02</day><month>02</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>27</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>8</fpage><lpage>20</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Гутьеррес Сукильо Н.Р., Паредес Р., Безмен П.А., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Гутьеррес Сукильо Н.Р., Паредес Р., Безмен П.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Gutierrez Suquillo N.R., Paredes R., Bezmen P.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://izvestswsu.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1179">https://izvestswsu.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1179</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования. Мобильная робототехника сегодня вызывает большой интерес из-за широкого спектра приложений, для которых она может быть использована; начиная от промышленности, услуг, вооруженных сил и заканчивая исследованием космоса. Одним из наиболее сложных аспектов в развитии этой технологии является внедрение точных и эффективных систем навигации и позиционирования, поскольку эти функции делают возможной автономную работу робототехники, обеспечивая гибкость и надежность в задачах, для которых предназначены мобильные роботы. В данной работе был проведен анализ и сравнение производительности и поведения 5 различных алгоритмов обхода препятствий с помощью средств навигационной системы мобильного робота (МР), оснащенного дифференциальным приводом, от начальной точки до целевой точки маршрута.</p></sec><sec><title>Методы</title><p>Методы. Маршруты для МР проходят по структурированной карте с различными препятствиями окружающей среды. МР моделируется с использованием уравнений обратной кинематики робота. Чтобы гарантировать ожидаемое поведение алгоритмов, данное исследование начиналось с изначального задания логики каждого из них. Поэтому последовательность действий, которой следует каждый алгоритм, была проанализирована и закодирована с помощью программного обеспечения MatLab, поскольку его подключаемый программный модуль Simulink универсален и подходит для данного тестового моделирования. Для тестов было определено 10 маршрутов в рамках структурированной карты, которая получила название «тестовая карта». Для получения результатов моделирования, каждый алгоритм использовался для направления движения мобильного робота по заданным маршрутам с оценкой расстояния и времени, затраченных на каждый из алгоритмов.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Для анализа и сравнения различных смоделированных алгоритмов была проведена оценка времени и пройденного расстояния для 10 тестовых маршрутов с препятствиями.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Алгоритмы можно разделить на два класса: глобальное планирование (ГП) и локальное планирование (ЛП). ГП выполняет планирование маршрута, по которому должен следовать мобильный робот, ещё до движения МР, в то время как ЛП в реальном времени выполняет построение маршрута, по которому должен следовать МР - данный маршрут рассчитывается и пересчитывается итеративно на основе информации, получаемой из внешней среды датчиками робота. По полученным результатам можно сделать вывод, что алгоритмы ЛП имеют превосходящую производительность по сравнению с производительностью алгоритмов ГП, поэтому они являются наиболее эффективными для реальных приложений. Хотя правильная комбинация алгоритма ГП с алгоритмом ЛП может привести к созданию оптимальной навигационной системы, которая может преодолевать препятствия любого типа и эффективно направлять МР в любой среде, независимо от того, насколько она сложна.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Purpose of research</title><p>Purpose of research. Mobile robotics is a discipline of great interest today due to the wide range of applications for which it has potential for; ranging from industry, services, military, to space exploration. One of the most challenging aspects in the development of this technology is the implementation of accurate and efficient navigation and positioning systems, since this function will ensure the autonomous operation of this equipment, providing flexibility and reliability in the tasks to which these mechanisms are assigned to. In this research work, an analysis and comparison of the performance and behavior of 5 different algorithms of obstacles evasion was made, with the implements of the navigation system from a differential drive mobile robot (MR), from an initial point to a target point.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Methods. Routes for MR take place within a structured map with various obstacles in its environment. The MR is modeled using the inverse kinematics equations provided by the robotics. In order to guarantee the expected behavior of the algorithms, this project started from the primordial logic of each one. Therefore, the sequence that each algorithm follows was analyzed and encoded using the MatLab software, since its Simulink plug-in is very useful and versatile for test simulations. For the tests, 10 routes were defined within the structured map, which was called the “test map”. To obtain the results, each algorithm was used to guide the mobile robot through each of the defined routes evaluating the distance and time used for each of them.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. For the analysis and comparison of the different simulated algorithms, an evaluation of the time and distance traveled was carried out to comply with 10 test routes with obstacles.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Algorithms can be classified into two classes: global planification (GP) and local planification (LP). GP is characterized by planning the route to be followed by the mobile robot prior to its movement, while LP plans in real time the route to be followed by the MR, a route which is calculated and recalculated iteratively based on the information from the environment outside the robot that is collected by the sensors. According to the results obtained, it can be concluded that LP algorithms have a superior performance to GP algorithms, so they are the most efficient for real applications. Although a correct combination of a GP algorithm with a LP could result in an optimal navigation system, which can overcome any type of obstacle and guide an MR efficiently through any type of environment no matter how complicated it is.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>мобильный робот</kwd><kwd>навигационная система</kwd><kwd>алгоритм</kwd><kwd>обход препятствий</kwd><kwd>навигационные маршруты</kwd><kwd>кинематика</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>mobile robot</kwd><kwd>navigation system</kwd><kwd>algorithm</kwd><kwd>obstacle avoidance</kwd><kwd>navigation routes</kwd><kwd>kinematics</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено при поддержке Стратегического проекта «Приоритет-2030. Создание робототехнических средств для расширения функциональности человека»</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The paper was prepared with the support of the Strategic Project “Priority-2030. Creation of robotic tools to expand the functionality of a person”.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Barrientos A. Fundamentos de Robotica. McGraw-Hill. Second edition. 2007. 613 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Barrientos A. Fundamentos de Robotica. McGraw-Hill. Second edition. 2007. 613 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">UNE EN ISO 8373:1998. Robots manipuladores industriales. Vocabulario, 1998.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">UNE EN ISO 8373:1998. Robots manipuladores industriales. 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